Ch13-Electricity


 * Chapter 13 - Electricity and Magnetism**

Tuesday, 9/28/2010
 * Lesson 1**

Video we watched on positive and negative charges. Balloon experiment did not work because of humidity.

takes up space and has mass. Textbook P. 374 Story about electricity, lightning
 * Matter:** Solid, Liquid or a Gas. Could be an element. Matter is anything that

What causes lightning? - static electricity!

P. 375 **Static electricity** uses atoms. **Atoms** are the tiny building blocks of everything. A sheet of paper is ONE MILLION ATOMS THICK!

Atoms have three different kinds of particles. Some have a positive charge. Some have a negative charge. Some have no charge. An object is neutral if it has the same number of positive and negative charges.

Charged particles can move between objects that are close. They do this when one object is postive and one is negative. If one is positive and one is negative, they are pulled together (they **attract** each other).

When one balloon was rubbed with the wool cloth, the baloon became negatively charged and the piece of wool was positively charged. As they were moved closer together, they attracted each other or moved together. Objects with opposite charges attract each other.

When the two balloons were rubbed with wool then moved toward each other,they pushed away from each other. This was because both balloons were negatively charged and if objects have a like charge then they **repell** or push away from each other.

Cool video of a balloon moving a soda can: []

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 * Static electricity** is formed when **positive and negative charges are not in balance** (more of one kind of charge than the other).

Static means not moving.

Thursday 9/30

Lesson 2

An electric force is the pull or push between objects that have a different charge.

2 objects with the same charge push away or repel each other.


 * __Electric current__** is an electric charge in motion.

__Circut__ = loop

__Closed circuit__ = no breaks in the loop.

Electric current passes through **__conductors__** easily.Ex. copper wire and sliver.

Some materials do not become charged easily. These materials are called __**insulators**.__ Ex. rubber, glass, dry wood.

Friday 10/1

If a **circuit** is **closed**, the electric can flow through it. Electric cannot flow through the **open circuit**.


 * Series circuit** -electricity flows in **one path only**. Ex string of lights -if one bulb is missing or burns out, the whole string will not light.



If one light goes out all of the lights will go out in is a **series circuit**. In a **parallel circuit** (as seen below) only that one light will go out the others will remain lit.


 * __Parallel circut__**-



Monday 10/4 __**Lesson 3**__

__What are magnetic fields__ ?

__Magnet__- anything that attracts other things made of iron, steel or certain other metals. EX. Like if you take a paperclip and a magnet it will float to the magnet. A **magnetic field** is something like with the paperclip you put the paperclip on the table and when the magnet gets near the paperclip that is a magnetic field and it is **invisible**.



__Poles__- ends of the magnet If you break a magnet in half it becomes two magnets with both a north pole and a south pole. Why do satellites orbit the earth? []

[|http://www.MegaShare.com/2657570]

Tuesday 10/5 How is eletricity transformed to magnetism? **Eletricity and magnetism are related. Both have to do with the movement of charged particles**. Compass needles line up magnetic field caused by the flow of electric current. If there is no eletric current, the needle on the compass will point north-south to the earth's magnetic field.
 * __Lesson 4__**

this website has a game with a eletric current compass. []

If you touch a wire in the outlet you may get shocked Wedensday 10/6 Here is a electromagnet __[]__
 * __Lesson 4__**
 * __Electromagnet-__** An electromagnet is different from a regular magnet because it has an electric current flowing through it.

Thursday 10/7
 * __Lesson 4__**

With a electromagnet you have to have a battery. And you can pick up 3 paperclips. The more the big the battery is the more power. And also the more times you loop it around you can go over a least 10 paperclips. The more coils (or loops) the stronger the electromagnet is. media type="custom" key="7127869" Monday 10-11 lesson 5

How is magnetiam transfomed to electricity?

Two ways to produce electricity: 1) slide coiled wire back and forth over a magnet. 2) spinning a coiled wire around a magnet.

what are chalkboards made of? [] "The highest grade chalkboards are made of a rougher version porcelain enamelled steel (black, green, blue or sometimes other colours). Porcelain is very hard wearing and chalkboards made of porcelain usually last 10–20 years in intensive use."

This is a flashlight with no batteries you shake to charge.

Tuesday10-12

The Magic School Bus Movie

1) Opposites attract. 2) Open circuit - everything stops moving if there is a break in the path. 3) **Never play with electricity!!** media type="custom" key="7171417" media type="custom" key="7183731"

Wednesday 10/13


 * Review - Quick Study**
 * Lesson 2**

1) Atoms in a conductor move charges faster than an insulator. 2) Materials such as rubber,dry,wood,and plastic make good insulators because current moves through them very slowly. 3) In a series circuit,the electricity flows in one direction. 4) Most homes are wired in parallel circuit because a break in one part does not cause the charge to stop flowing.

Friday 10-15 1) If you break a magnet in half, you will have two magnets, **each with its own north-seeking pole and south-seeking pole**. 2) Earth has this liquid that flows around and around as Earth rotates, creating a magnetic field. 3) This happens because earth behaves like a large magnet.
 * Review- Quick Study**
 * Lesson 3**

1) When a magnet is moved back and forth inside a coiled wire, it creates electricity. 2) A magnet that is moved quickly creates a strong electric current while one that is moved slowly creates a weak electric current.
 * Lesson 5**

Friday 10-22 review

p. 398-399 Chapter Review

1) If charged particles in an object are not balance, the object builds up **__static electricity__.** 2)A charge in motion is called an **__electric current__**. 3)**__Magnetism__** is the pushing or pulling force that exists when a magnetic material is near. 4)Current flows in only onre direction in a **__series circuit__.** 5)The quality of **__resistance__** opposes the flow of eletric current through a material. 6)Because of Earth's **__magentic field__**, a compass points in a north-south direction. 7)One advantage of **__eletromagnet__** a over a natural magnet is that its magentic field can be turned off. 8)A **__parrellel circuit__** can handle appliances that use diffrent amounts of eletric current. 9)In copper, and other conductor, the electrons can move easily from atom to atom. In rubber, and other insulators the electrons have a more diffcult time moving atom to atom. 10)Most homes have parrllel circuits rather than series circuits because : 11) The needle of the compass wil respond to the magnet near it and point in an east-west direction. 12) Both ballons will have the **same charge** so they will **repel or push away** from each other. 13 )We would ask what impirvise you to do it and how did you produce a current by changing a magnetic field. 14) Cause:The magentic field at Earth's magentic poles attract particles from the sun. Effect:Atoms and gases give off vivid or colorful lights. 15) D Static eleticity 16) H All the bulbs but one light. 17) C Each magnet has a north pole and a south pole 18) F glass 19) We selected F because metals like copper and silver are good conductors. Glass is an insulator. Water - Remember to stay out of the pool or shower during a lightning storm!
 * There are **many paths** for the electric flow so if one light bulb goes out, the entire circuit **will not stop** working.
 * Parallel circuits **can handle appliances that use different amounts of electric current**.